In terms of international standards, electronic seals are currently only published in ISO 18185, and many international manufacturers have also introduced electronic seal related products. Although existing products do not entirely use ISO18185 as the standard spindle, in the international market, which is still dominated by traditional seals, many manufacturers are still speculating on what products are most needed in the market. Therefore, different claims naturally produce various electronic seal products.
For example, some advocate the use of reusable and one-time active electronic seals. Active electronic seals, regardless of whether or not they can be reused, are also subject to divergent opinions, such as the lifetime of the battery, electronic seal standby time during shipping are wasted, the recycling mechanism of electronic seals, and who collects them.
In the mean time, the international market also has appeared to advocate passive electronic seals, mainly UHF band operation. At present, most of the public brands use EPC global C1 Gen2 as the RFID specification in the electronic seal. This combination emphasizes the characteristics of one-time use, low-cost, and currently there is market demands for it. China's Kaohsiung Harbor escort is using passive electronic seal, which has now officially started using it and is expected to extend to other major ports in Taiwan.
